In recent years, the perceived success of several large-scale conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes in some Latin American countries has provoked substantial interest in their replication elsewhere in the region and in other parts of the world. CCT programmes (CCTs) are now being promoted by the United Nations agencies and development banks as an effective approach to extending social assistance to those in need. The purpose of this paper is to review some of the issues that arise in the consideration of the CCTs in the fight against child labour. The paper is intended in the first instance to stimulate discussion and debate within the ILO. As it develops, the audience may be extended to ILO partner agencies in the child labour field and, in due course, to other stakeholders contemplating the use of CCT-type schemes in the effective abolition of child labour.

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